The easy to use social software associated with Web 2.0 has provided the basis for an increase in, and expansion of, communication and collaboration activities on the Internet. Social networking sites, blogs, podcasting, social bookmarking sites, wikis, online gaming communities, and expressive forms such as mash-ups are ‘transforming the way people live, work and play’ (Corriera, 2000, p.8). As forms of user-led content creation these activities draw attention to how passive website consumption has given way to active roles as producer and user for website visitors (Bruns, 2008; Benkler, 2006).It is important to develop an understanding of how these platforms are changing the way we interact, and the way ‘we produce and consume information’ (Deuze, 2006, p. 66).
Developing out of the interactivity enabled by Web 2.0 technologies a ‘new capacity to collaboratively develop, distribute, share, and communicate knowledge’ (Flew, 2008, p.21-22) has opened up an online world of participatory cultures. Terms like social production (Benkler, 2006) and produsage (Bruns, 2008) are used to describe the activities of people working together to produce content online. These terms focus on the role of the active user; the website visitor who is both a producer and a user of a site (Bruns, 2008; Benkler, 2006), in processes of user-led content creation[1]. Central to this process is the concept of collective intelligence which refers to ‘the power of networked communities in developing knowledge systems that are not only greater than the sum of their individual parts, but that grow, evolve, and collectively learn through ongoing interaction’ (Flew, 2008, p. 64).
References
Benkler, Y. (2006). The Wealth of Networks: how social production transforms markets and freedom. New Haven and London: Yale University Press.
Berners-Lee, T., (2000). Weaving the Web: the past, present and future of the World Wide Web by its inventor. London: Texere.
Bruns, A. (2008) Blogs, Wikipedia, Second Life and Beyond: from production to produsage. New York: Peter Lang.
Correia A. (2002). Information Literacy for and Active and Effective Citizenship. Retrieved October 9, 2008 from http://www.nclis.gov/libinter/infolitconf&meet/papers/correia-fullpaper.pdf. Sorry, this link appears to be broken.
Deuze, M. (2006). ‘Participation, Remediation, Bricolage: considering principal components of a digital culture.’ The Information Society. 22:2, 63-75. Retrieved May 26, 2008 from Informaworld database.
Flew, T. (2008). New Media: an introduction. (3rd ed.). South Melbourne: Oxford University Press.
[1] These ideas are not new. This is how Berners-Lee had perceived the World Wide Web from its conception, in terms of
intercreativity; that is ‘interaction and collaboration’ together with ‘capacity to create and distribute new content’(Berners-Lee 2000: 183).